The Watsons Go to Birmingham - 1963 : Civil Rights Movement: In-Text Citations

• In-text citations are used to reference sources in the body of a research paper. They point the reader to specific citations on the Works Cited page.
• An in-text citation is written within the same sentence you're citing. It can usually be found in parenthesis (parenthetical citation) and often displays the author and page number where the information can be found.
• If there is no author, the writer will cite the piece of information that comes first in the citation on the Works Cited page so the reader can find it quickly. For instance, when citing a website article with no author, the first piece of information in the citation would be the title of the article. In this instance, the information you provide in the parenthetical citation would be the article title in quotes. 

Example 1: 

Citation on Works Cited:

“Education.” NAACP, www.naacp.org/issues/education/. Accessed 13

Apr. 2017.

Parenthetical Citation:

("Education")

In-Text Citation:

The NAACP is "dedicated to eliminating the severe racial inequalities that continue to plague our education system" ("Education").

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Example 2: 

Citation on Works Cited:

“Job Training and Placement.” Congress Of Racial Equality, Success City

Online, www.congressofracialequality.org/job-training-and-

placement.html. Accessed 13 Apr. 2017.

Parenthetical Citation: 

("Job Training")

In-Text Citation:

CORE helps job seekers "dress for success, build self esteem, remove barriers to employment, plan their career..." ("Job Training").

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Example 3: 

Citation on Works Cited:

Steele, Dr. Charles. “Change Come To Cleveland as 20 Pastors and SCLC

Meet.” Southern Christian Leadership Conference, 8 May 2015,

nationalsclc.org/change-come-to-cleveland-as-20-pastors-and-sclc-

meet/. Accessed 13 Apr. 2017.

Parenthetical Citation:

(Steele) 

In-Text Citation: 

"Within the next week," Dr. Charles Steele Jr. explains, "at least two nonviolent centers will be opened in the Cleveland area to help citizens practice safe protesting."

*Author is mentioned in the sentence so you do not need a parenthetical citation. There is no page number to include because it is a web source.

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Example 4: 

Citation on Works Cited:

“Jim Crow Laws.” PBS, WGBH Educational Foundation,

www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/freedom-riders-jim-

crow-laws/. Accessed 13 Apr. 2017.

Parenthetical Citation: 

("Jim Crow Laws")

In-Text Citation:

Despite what the law stated,

public facilities for blacks were nearly always inferior to those for

whites, when they existed at all. In addition, blacks were systematically

denied the right to vote in most of the rural South through the selective

application of literacy test and other racially motived criteria. ("Jim

Crow Laws")

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